Poland Issues Draft Pillar 2 Notifications and Top-Up Tax Returns
September 12, 2025
On September 11, 2025, the Polish Ministry of Finance issued the draft Pillar 2 notifications and top-up tax returns for consultation.
Intragroup financing arrangements are subject to special rules under Article 3.2.7 of the OECD Model Rules.
This is a common area of tax planning for MNE’s and without specific provisions, they could adjust the effective tax rate (ETR) of jurisdictions by structuring financing operations.
For instance, they could reduce Pillar Two GloBE income in jurisdictions that were just below the minimum rate (therefore increasing the ETR and potentially resulting in the jurisdictional ETR being over 15%) whilst increasing Pillar Two GloBE income in jurisdictions that had significant ETR capacity (ie where the jurisdictional ETR is significantly above 15% anyway).
A typical arrangement that would be targeted by this is a hybrid financing arrangement such as:
MNE Co 1 is resident in a low-tax jurisdiction. It borrows money from MNE Co 2 by way of a debt instrument 2. MNE Co 2 is a member of the same MNE group and is resident in a high tax jurisdiction.
The debt instrument is treated as equity for tax purposes and debt for financial accounting purposes in both jurisdictions.
As such, interest payments by MNE Co 1 would reduce Pillar Two GloBE income (and therefore increase the Pillar Two GloBE ETR) without any reduction in the domestic tax liability (as dividends are generally not tax-deductible).
By contrast, the interest receipt would increase Pillar Two GloBE income in MNE Co 2 (reducing its Pillar Two GloBE ETR) without a corresponding increase in its domestic taxable income.
Therefore, as an anti-avoidance measure, the Pillar Two GloBE income or loss of a low-taxed entity does not include any expenses of an intra-group financing arrangement that can be expected to increase the expenses of a low-taxed entity without a corresponding increase in the taxable income of a high taxed entity.
A low-taxed entity is generally an entity in a jurisdiction where the Pillar Two GloBE ETR is less than 15%.
There is no increase in the taxable income of a high-taxed entity if the income qualifies for an exclusion or deduction ie just because the high-taxed entity is allocated the income for local tax purposes does not mean this requirement is met, if it qualified for deduction or credits that offset it.
This could be the case if, for example, it has brought forward interest expenses sufficient to offset interest received from the low-taxed entity.
Whether there is an intragroup financing arrangement in place is an objective test and is based on whether there is an arrangement between two or more members of an MNE group which results in a high taxed entity directly or indirectly providing credit or making an investment in a low taxed entity.
In addition, again using an objective test, the arrangement must be reasonably expected to reduce the Pillar Two GloBE income of a low taxed entity without increasing the taxable income of a high taxed entity over the duration of the agreement.
Profits from international shipping (eg profits derived from the transport of cargo or passengers by ships) as well as certain ancillary income are generally exempt for Pillar Two GloBE income purposes under Article 3.3 of the OECD Model Rules.
As this would have been included in the profits in the financial accounts, an adjustment to the Pillar Two GloBE income is required.
On September 11, 2025, the Polish Ministry of Finance issued the draft Pillar 2 notifications and top-up tax returns for consultation.
On August 29, 2025, Vietnam issued its Decree for the detailed implementation of the Pillar 2 rules from January 1, 2024.
On September 2, 2025, Portugal issued Ordinance No. 290/2025/1 which includes the format for the Pillar 2 registration form (Form 62).
On September 2, 2025, Act No. 316/2025 Coll was published in the Official Gazette to amend the Minimum Tax Act for various aspects of the OECD Administrative Guidance as well as filing dates, QDMTT amendments and amending the Safe Harbour rules.
On August 31, 2025, the Ministry of Economy and Finance sent the Draft Budget Law for the period 2025–2029 to Parliament. This includes a domestic minimum tax (intended to be a QDMTT).
On August 29, 2025, Brazil issued proposed amendments to Normative Instruction No. 2,228 for consultation to take account of the June 2024 and January 2025 OECD Administrative Guidance and other sundry amendments.
On August 29, 2025, Ordinance No. 21 of August 28, 2025 was published in the Official Gazette. This amends various aspects of the Minimum Tax Act, including for the filing deadline for the designated filing entity nomination, transferable tax credits and the excess negative tax carry forward election.
On August 26, 2025, Australia issued a list of jurisdictions that have qualified status for the purposes of the income inclusion rule and domestic minimum tax (including the QDMTT Safe Harbour).
On August 27, 2025, the Australian Taxation Office issued a draft legislative instrument (the ‘Taxation Administration (Exemptions from Requirement to Lodge Australian IIR/UTPR tax return and Australian DMT tax return) Determination 2025’). This outlines situations when entities within the scope of the Pillar 2 GloBE rules do not need to file an Australian DMT Return or an IIR/UTPR Return.
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